Returns a Double specifying the future value of an annuity based on periodic, fixed payments and a fixed interest rate.

Function FV( _
   ByVal Rate As Double, _
   ByVal NPer As Double, _
   ByVal Pmt As Double, _
   Optional ByVal PV As Double = 0, _
   Optional ByVal Due As DueDate = DueDate.EndOfPeriod _
) As Double

Parameters

Rate

Required. Double specifying interest rate per period. For example, if you get a car loan at an annual percentage rate (APR) of 10 percent and make monthly payments, the rate per period is 0.1/12, or 0.0083.

NPer

Required. Double specifying total number of payment periods in the annuity. For example, if you make monthly payments on a four-year car loan, your loan has a total of 4 * 12 (or 48) payment periods.

Pmt

Required. Double specifying payment to be made each period. Payments usually contain principal and interest that doesn't change over the life of the annuity.

PV

Optional. Double specifying present value (or lump sum) of a series of future payments. For example, when you borrow money to buy a car, the loan amount is the present value to the lender of the monthly car payments you will make. If omitted, 0 is assumed.

Due

Optional. Object of type Microsoft.VisualBasic.DueDate that specifies when payments are due. This argument must be either DueDate.EndOfPeriod if payments are due at the end of the payment period, or DueDate.BegOfPeriod if payments are due at the beginning of the period. If omitted, DueDate.EndOfPeriod is assumed.

Remarks

An annuity is a series of fixed cash payments made over a period of time. An annuity can be a loan (such as a home mortgage) or an investment (such as a monthly savings plan).

The Rate and NPer arguments must be calculated using payment periods expressed in the same units. For example, if Rate is calculated using months, NPer must also be calculated using months.

For all arguments, cash paid out (such as deposits to savings) is represented by negative numbers; cash received (such as dividend checks) is represented by positive numbers.

Example

This example uses the FV function to return the future value of an investment given the percentage rate that accrues per period (APR / 12), the total number of payments (TotPmts), the payment (Payment), the current value of the investment (PVal), and a number that indicates whether the payment is made at the beginning or end of the payment period (PayType). Note that because Payment represents cash paid out, it is a negative number.

Sub TestFV()
   Dim Fmt As String
   Dim TotPmts As Integer
   Dim Payment, APR, PVal, Fval As Double
   Dim PayType As DueDate
   Dim Response As MsgBoxResult
   Fmt = "###,###,##0.00"   ' Define money format.
   Payment = CDbl(InputBox("How much do you plan to save each month?"))
   APR = CDbl(InputBox("Enter the expected interest annual percentage rate."))
   If APR > 1 Then APR = APR / 100 ' Ensure proper form.
   TotPmts = CInt(InputBox("For how many months do you expect to save?"))
   Response = MsgBox("Do you make payments at the end of month?", MsgBoxStyle.YesNo)
   If Response = MsgBoxResult.No Then
      PayType = DueDate.BegOfPeriod
   Else
      PayType = DueDate.EndOfPeriod
   End If
   PVal = CDbl(InputBox("How much is in this savings account now?"))
   Fval = FV(APR / 12, TotPmts, -Payment, -PVal, PayType)
   MsgBox("Your savings will be worth " & Format(Fval, Fmt) & ".")
End Sub

See Also

DDB Function | IPmt Function | IRR Function | MIRR Function | NPer Function | NPV Function | Pmt Function | PPmt Function | PV Function | Rate Function | SLN Function | SYD Function